[Comparative Religion] Polyandry

Pernah dulu, aku membentangkan beberapa kali di UIA tentang bab khas poligami. Habis keluar dalil-dalil daripada al-Quran,Hadith-hadith sohih dan pendapat para ulama' yang mengupas isu poligami. Sehingga ada yang mengecop aku sebagai 'pakar poligami'!

Tetapi sebenarnya baru aku sedar yang selama ini aku kupas hanyalah secebis dari keluasan poligami dalam Islam. Bahkan, yang aku dok membebel tak henti-henti hanyalah seputar hukum polygyny. Sedang aku lupa pula untuk berbicara tentang polyandry. Semuanya atas kelemahan aku jua. Sehingga mungkin ada yang bertanya apakah Islam sebegitu zalim membenarkan kaum lelaki berkahwin empat, dalam masa yang sama kaum wanita dipaksa berpuas hati dengan satu?

Berikut jawapan kepada persoalan di atas yang dikeluarkan oleh Dr Zakir Naik(diambil terus daripada laman web Comparative Religion Studies):



Question:
If a man is allowed to have more than one wife, then why does Islam prohibit a woman from having more than one husband?

Answer by Dr. Zakir Naik:

A lot of people, including some Muslims, question the logic of allowing Muslim men to have more than one spouse while denying the same ‘right’ to women. Let me first state emphatically, that the foundation of an Islamic society is justice and equity.

Allah has created men and women as equal, but with different capabilities and different responsibilities. Men and women are different, physiologically and psychologically. Their roles and responsibilities are different. Men and women are equal in Islam, but not identical. Surah Nisa’ Chapter 4 verses 22 to 24 gives the list of women with whom Muslim men can not marry. It is further mentioned in Surah Nisa’ Chapter 4 verse 24 “Also (prohibited are) women already married.”

The following points enumerate the reasons why polyandry is prohibited in Islam:

1. If a man has more than one wife, the parents of the children born of such marriages can easily be identified. The father as well as the mother can easily be identified. In case of a woman marrying more than one husband, only the mother of the children born of such marriages will be identified and not the father.

Islam gives tremendous importance to the identification of both parents, mother and father. Psychologists tell us that children who do not know their parents, especially their father, undergo severe mental trauma and disturbances. Often they have an unhappy childhood. It is for this reason that the children of prostitutes do not have a healthy childhood.

If a child born of such wedlock is admitted in school, and when the mother is asked the name of the father, she would have to give two or more names! I am aware that recent advances in science have made it possible for both the mother and father to be identified with the help of genetic testing. Thus this point which was applicable for the past may not be applicable for the present.

2. Man is more polygamous by nature as compared to a woman.

3. Biologically, it is easier for a man to perform his duties as a husband despite having several wives. A woman, in a similar position, having several husbands, will not find it possible to perform her duties as a wife. A woman undergoes several psychological and behavioral changes due to different phases of the menstrual cycle.

4. A woman who has more than one husband will have several sexual partners at the same time and has a high chance of acquiring venereal or sexually transmitted diseases which can also be transmitted back to her husband even if all of them have no extra-marital sex. This is not the case in a man having more than one wife, and none of them having extra-marital sex.

The above reasons are those that one can easily identify. There are probably many more reasons why Allah, in His Infinite Wisdom, has prohibited polyandry.